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Peruvian Pepper
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Peruvian Pepper
P Introduced Photo: Thingnam Sophia
Common name: Peruvian Pepper, Aji, Bishop's hat, Christmas bell
Botanical name: Capsicum baccatum var. pendulum    Family: Solanaceae (Potato family)
Synonyms: Capsicum pendulum, Capsicum frutescens var. pendulum

Peruvian pepper is an erect or scrambling, often much branched, perennial herb to sappy shrub, up to 4.5 m (but often less). Leaves are usually solitary, rarely 2 appearing together; leaf-stalk 0.3-3 cm long; blade membranous, 1.5-7.5 × 0.8–4 cm, ovate to ovate-lanceshaped, base rounded to narrowly wedge-shaped, entire, fringed with hairs, with scattered hairs, sometimes only along the nerves, paler beneath. Flowers are 2-whorled, rarely solitary, carried on flower-stalks 8-15 mm long, angular, striped, thickened upwards, erect or curved; in fruit elongated to 3 cm and slender. Sepal-cup is 2.5-3 mm long, shortly cup-shaped, 5-ribbed, 5-toothed, nearly hairless; teeth 0.5-0.8 mm long, at tip thickened and somewhat blunt to needle-like, spreading; in fruit enlarged and surrounding the base of it. Flowers are greenish-white to dirty-white, pinwheel-bell-shaped; 8-9 mm across; petals 1.5-2.5 mm long, ovate-oblong or triangular, blunt or slightly tapering, ciliolate. Filaments are 1-1.5 mm long; anthers yellow, 1.7-1.9 mm long, oblong, style 3.5 mm long, slightly thickened into a small stigma. Fruits typically hang down, can be 3-sided, shaped like bishop's crown. Peruvian Pepper is native to N. Argentina and Central & S. Brazil, cultivated in India.

Identification credit: Tabish Photographed in Imphal, Manipur.

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